MicroPython – 計測・解析ラボ

32×8のフルカラーLEDマトリクスを４枚連結して32×32の表示器に(MicroPython)

32×8のフルカラーLEDマトリクスは文字の大きな時計を作るのによく使っています。LEDマトリクスの値段は2022年5月の時点で2799円でした。

今回はそれを見ていたKさんから４枚連結して32×32でドット絵の表示器を作りたいとのリクエストがありました。それなりの値段になるので、Aliexpressで探すと1150円です。

32×32=1024個のLEDは全てフルに点灯するわけではありませんが、USBからの給電では不安なので5V 4AのAC/DCアダプター電源を使います。コネクタを使って４枚を連結します。

４枚を横に並べてコネクタで接続するとLEDは直列に接続されるので楽なのですが、縦に並べると下の絵のようになります。

(x,y)を指定するとLEDの番号がわかる関数serial_pos(x,y)を作って対応します。ドット絵のデータはimage1に書きます。1024個のデータなので大変だろうと思いましたが、エクセルファイルにドット絵を書き出すプログラムが公開されているようなので、カンマ区切りで出力してコピペの後少し修正すればそんなには面倒では無いようです。色はpalette14で指定します。

from neopixel import Neopixel
import utime

numpix = 1024 # 32*32 = 1024
din_pin = 14
strip = Neopixel(numpix, 0, din_pin, "GRB")

def serial_pos(x,y):
    if x < 0 or x >= 32:
        x = 0
    if y < 0 or y >= 32:
        y = 0
    if y < 8:
        if x % 2 ==0:
            pos = 8 * x + y
        else:
            pos = 8 * x +7 - y
        pos = pos + 768
        
    elif y < 16:
        y = y - 8
        x = 31 - x
        y = 7 - y
        if x % 2 ==0:
            pos = 8 * x + y
        else:
            pos = 8 * x +7 - y
        pos = pos + 512
        
    elif y < 24:
        y = y - 16
        if x % 2 ==0:
            pos = 8 * x + y
        else:
            pos = 8 * x +7 - y
        pos = pos + 256
        
    elif y < 32:
        y = y - 24
        x = 31 - x
        y = 7 - y
        if x % 2 ==0:
            pos = 8 * x + y
        else:
            pos = 8 * x +7 - y
        pos = pos + 0
    else:
        pos = 1023
    return(pos)

palette14 = [[0,0,0],[64,32,0],[64,64,0],[32,64,0],[0,64,0],[0,32,0],
             [0,64,64],[0,32,64],[0,0,32],[32,0,64],[64,0,64],[64,0,32],
             [64,64,64],[0,0,0]]


image0=[
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
    ]

image1=[
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,8,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,8,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,8,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,8,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
    ]


def show_image(img):
    for y in range(32):
        for x in range(32):
            px_pos = serial_pos(x,y)
            img_pos=y*32+x
            pal=img[img_pos]
            strip.set_pixel(px_pos,(palette14[pal][0], palette14[pal][1], palette14[pal][2]))
    strip.show()

while True:
    show_image(image1)
    #utime.sleep(1)
    show_image(image0)
    #utime.sleep(1)

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from neopixel import Neopixel

import utime

numpix = 1024 # 32*32 = 1024

din_pin = 14

strip = Neopixel(numpix, 0, din_pin, "GRB")

def serial_pos(x,y):

if x < 0 or x >= 32:

x = 0

if y < 0 or y >= 32:

y = 0

if y < 8:

if x % 2 ==0:

pos = 8 * x + y

else:

pos = 8 * x +7 - y

pos = pos + 768

elif y < 16:

y = y - 8

x = 31 - x

y = 7 - y

if x % 2 ==0:

pos = 8 * x + y

else:

pos = 8 * x +7 - y

pos = pos + 512

elif y < 24:

y = y - 16

if x % 2 ==0:

pos = 8 * x + y

else:

pos = 8 * x +7 - y

pos = pos + 256

elif y < 32:

y = y - 24

x = 31 - x

y = 7 - y

if x % 2 ==0:

pos = 8 * x + y

else:

pos = 8 * x +7 - y

pos = pos + 0

else:

pos = 1023

return(pos)

palette14 = [[0,0,0],[64,32,0],[64,64,0],[32,64,0],[0,64,0],[0,32,0],

[0,64,64],[0,32,64],[0,0,32],[32,0,64],[64,0,64],[64,0,32],

[64,64,64],[0,0,0]]

image0=[

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0

]

image1=[

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,8,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0

]

def show_image(img):

for y in range(32):

for x in range(32):

px_pos = serial_pos(x,y)

img_pos=y*32+x

pal=img[img_pos]

strip.set_pixel(px_pos,(palette14[pal][0], palette14[pal][1], palette14[pal][2]))

strip.show()

while True:

show_image(image1)

#utime.sleep(1)

show_image(image0)

#utime.sleep(1)

ラズパイPicoとMicroPythonでPWMコントローラー

PWM制御端子のあるクーリングファンで垂直風洞を作りました。JAXAの手作り風洞のパラメータを参考にして、ファンから少し離してハニカムの整流板を取り付けました。
https://www.yac-j.com/wp-content/themes/yac/pdf/labo/list/5.Experiment/5-8.pdf

翼付きの種子が風洞内で回転する様子を観察するための風洞なので、15cmの高さで風速が1/3、45cmの高さで風速が1/6になるように、開口を広げています。透明シートは100円ショップのB4サイズのカードケース(ハードタイプ)を使いました。

ファンは120mm角38mm厚で12V 2.1AのSanyo Denki America Inc.製の「9GV1212P1G01」(7500円程度)です。（１号機ではPC用で大風量のファンと言われている「CFY-12038PF」12V 0.45Aを使ったのですが、もっと風量が欲しかったので変更しました。）PWMは25kHzの0-5V信号が指定されていますが、ラズパイPicoの3.3Vパルスでも動いています。ハウジングとの固定にはM4長さ50mmを使いました。

電源は「VHBW 12V 5A ACアダプター 60W 5.5*2.5(2.1)mm AC100V-240V DC12V 電源アダプター内極性[+] 0.1A~5A汎用 PSE認証」にしましたが、とりあえず問題なく使えています。

12V電源だけでPicoも動かしたいので、手元にあった3端子レギュレータNJU7223F33で3.3Vを作ります。Picoは互換機のWaveshare RP2040-Zeroよりも外部給電での使い方が便利で、VSYSに1.8Vから5.5Vを接続できます。可変抵抗を回してPWMのDutyを変更します。また、現在のPWM値を視覚的に表現するために4×4マトリクスLEDの状態を変化させます。LEDの制御はneopixelライブラリを使用しました。

12V電源 —– NJU7223F33
接続なし —– Pin1(Vout 3.3V)
12V —– Pin2(Vin)
GND —– Pin3(GND)

Pico
VSYS —– 3.3V
GP15(pin20) —– Fan PWM
GP16(pin21) —– LED DIN
GP26(pin31) —– 可変抵抗器Pin2

可変抵抗器
Pin1 —– 3.3V
Pin2 —– Pico GP26
Pin3 —–GND

フルカラーLED 4×4マトリクス
VDD —– 3.3V
DIN —– Pico GP16
GND —– GND

Fan
Red —– 12V
Black —– GND
Brown —– Pico GP15

プログラム pico_fanControlMax.py

from neopixel import Neopixel
from machine import PWM, ADC, Pin
from time import sleep

pot = ADC(Pin(26))
#pot = ADC(0)
Fan  = PWM(machine.Pin(15, machine.Pin.OUT))
Fan.freq(25000)

black = (0, 0, 0)

m_0 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_1 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_2 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_3 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_4 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_5 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_6 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_7 = (1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_8 = (1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_9 = (1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_10 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_11 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_12 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0)
m_13 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)
m_14 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0)
m_15 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0)
m_16 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1)

disp_num = (m_0, m_1, m_2, m_3, m_4, m_5, m_6, m_7, m_8, m_9, m_10, m_11, m_12, m_13, m_14, m_15, m_16)

numpix = 16
din_pin = 16
np_value = 64

def disp_mat(number):
    mat_hue = int(65536/17) * number
    mat_color = strip.colorHSV(mat_hue, 255, np_value)
    num = disp_num[number]
    for i in range(numpix):
        if num[i] == 1:
            strip.set_pixel(i,mat_color)
        else:
            strip.set_pixel(i,black)
    strip.show()
    return


strip = Neopixel(numpix, 0, din_pin, "GRB")
strip.clear()
strip.show()
    
while True:

    pot_value = pot.read_u16() #0-65535
    f_pwm= int(pot_value / 65535 * 100)
    if f_pwm <= 15 :
        f_pwm = 15
    if f_pwm >= 90 :
        f_pwm = 90
    flow = int(f_pwm * (65535/100) )
    Fan.duty_u16(flow)
    disp_rank = int(f_pwm * (17/100))
    if disp_rank >= 17 :
        disp_rank = 16    
    disp_mat(disp_rank)
    sleep(0.1)
#     print(pot_value)
#     print(f_pwm)
#     print(disp_rank)
#     sleep(1)

from neopixel import Neopixel

from machine import PWM, ADC, Pin

from time import sleep

pot = ADC(Pin(26))

#pot = ADC(0)

Fan = PWM(machine.Pin(15, machine.Pin.OUT))

Fan.freq(25000)

black = (0, 0, 0)

m_0 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_1 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_2 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_3 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_4 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_5 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_6 = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_7 = (1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_8 = (1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_9 = (1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_10 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_11 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_12 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0)

m_13 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)

m_14 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0)

m_15 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0)

m_16 = (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1)

disp_num = (m_0, m_1, m_2, m_3, m_4, m_5, m_6, m_7, m_8, m_9, m_10, m_11, m_12, m_13, m_14, m_15, m_16)

numpix = 16

din_pin = 16

np_value = 64

def disp_mat(number):

mat_hue = int(65536/17) * number

mat_color = strip.colorHSV(mat_hue, 255, np_value)

num = disp_num[number]

for i in range(numpix):

if num[i] == 1:

strip.set_pixel(i,mat_color)

else:

strip.set_pixel(i,black)

strip.show()

return

strip = Neopixel(numpix, 0, din_pin, "GRB")

strip.clear()

strip.show()

while True:

pot_value = pot.read_u16() #0-65535

f_pwm= int(pot_value / 65535 * 100)

if f_pwm <= 15 :

f_pwm = 15

if f_pwm >= 90 :

f_pwm = 90

flow = int(f_pwm * (65535/100) )

Fan.duty_u16(flow)

disp_rank = int(f_pwm * (17/100))

if disp_rank >= 17 :

disp_rank = 16

disp_mat(disp_rank)

sleep(0.1)

# print(pot_value)

# print(f_pwm)

# print(disp_rank)

# sleep(1)

PicoにはMicroPythonインタープリタをダウンロードし、ライブラリneopixel.pyと上記プログラム(pico_fanControlMax.py)をmain.pyという名前で保存します。

MicroPythonで大きな数字の時計を作る

2017年に作った時計がブレッドボードの接触不良で時々ハングするようになったので、ラズパイPico Wでリメイクしました。[ハングしていたように見えたのはNeopixelが1個死にかけていたためのようです。リメイクした後でも再発したので故障したLEDを見つけて交換しました。]

製作当時の記事は以下です。
http://keisoku-lab.mond.jp/2017/06/28/手作りの大型7セグメントフルカラー表示器を使っ/
http://keisoku-lab.mond.jp/2017/08/10/手作りの大型7セグメントフルカラー表示器デモ版/

当時はまだシリアルフルカラーLEDを32×8 で敷き詰めたユニットは高価だったので、テープ状のシリアルフルカラーLEDを7セグメントLEDのように配置して表示板を作りました。１文字14個で4桁なので56個のLEDを使いました。

配線は以下の3本だけです。
Pico W—–シリアルLED
VBUS —–+5V
GND —–GND
GP16 —–Din

シリアルLEDのライブラリは以下を使いました。
https://github.com/blaz-r/pi_pico_neopixel

NTPサーバーへの接続とPico Wが内蔵しているrtcの更新については以下の記事に書きました。

MicroPythonでラズパイPico Wと1.69インチTFT DisplayモジュールのNTP時計を作成

時計の機能
毎時0分にNTPサーバーに接続してrtcを更新します。
6時から21時59分までは明るく、それ以外は暗く表示します。
毎分45秒から次の5秒まで表示色をグラデーションで変化させます。

一応、狙い通り動いていますが、Pythonは使い慣れていませんのでアドバイスがあればohashi(アットマーク)mac.email.ne.jpまでお願いします。

import machine
import network
import ntptime_jp
import utime
from neopixel import Neopixel

#SSID = 'your SSID'
#PASSWORD = 'your Password'

sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
sta_if.active(True)
sta_if.connect(SSID, PASSWORD)
while not sta_if.isconnected():
    pass

#+++++++_ntp_access_++++++++
#ntptime_jp.settime()
#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++

check_ntp = True
numpix = 56

strip = Neopixel(numpix, 0, 16, "GRB")
strip.brightness(50)


PATTERN0 = (0,1,2,3,4,5,8,9,10,11,12,13)
PATTERN1 = (0,1,8,9)
PATTERN2 = (0,1,2,3,6,7,10,11,12,13)
PATTERN3 = (0,1,2,3,6,7,8,9,10,11)
PATTERN4 = (0,1,4,5,6,7,8,9)
PATTERN5 = (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11)
PATTERN6 = (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13)
PATTERN7 = (0,1,2,3,4,5,8,9)
PATTERN8 = (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13)
PATTERN9 = (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
seg8 = (PATTERN0, PATTERN1, PATTERN2, PATTERN3, PATTERN4, PATTERN5, PATTERN6, PATTERN7, PATTERN8, PATTERN9)


pattern_led_init = []
for i in range(0, numpix):
    pattern_led_init.append(False)


pattern_led = []
def time_pattern(hour, minute):
    disp_time = f'{hour:02}' + f'{minute:02}'
    pattern_led = pattern_led_init.copy()
    for pos in range(0,4):
        pos_num = int(disp_time[pos])
        position=3 - pos
        disp_num = seg8[pos_num]
        for num in disp_num:
            num = num + position * 14
            pattern_led[num] = True
    return(pattern_led)

pix_color=[]
delta = 65536/numpix
for pix_index in range(0, numpix):
    pix_color.append(strip.colorHSV(int(delta * pix_index), 255, 255))


while True:
    if (6 < utime.localtime()[3] < 21):
        strip.brightness(80)
    else:
        strip.brightness(20)
    
    hour = utime.localtime()[3]
    minute = utime.localtime()[4]
    pattern_led=time_pattern(hour, minute)
    
    for pix_index in range(0, numpix):
        if pattern_led[pix_index] == True:
            strip.set_pixel(pix_index,pix_color[pix_index])
        else:
            strip.set_pixel(pix_index,(0,0,0))
    
    strip.show()
    move_last=pix_color[0]
    del(pix_color[0])
    pix_color.append(move_last)
    utime.sleep(0.05)
    
    while(5 < utime.localtime()[5] < 45): # wait every 5 ~ 45sec
        if (check_ntp == True) and (minute == 0):
            ntptime_jp.settime() # access ntp server
            check_ntp = False
        if (check_ntp == False) and (minute >= 1):
            check_ntp = True

import machine

import network

import ntptime_jp

import utime

from neopixel import Neopixel

#SSID = 'your SSID'

#PASSWORD = 'your Password'

sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)

sta_if.active(True)

sta_if.connect(SSID, PASSWORD)

while not sta_if.isconnected():

pass

#+++++++_ntp_access_++++++++

#ntptime_jp.settime()

#+++++++++++++++++++++++++++

check_ntp = True

numpix = 56

strip = Neopixel(numpix, 0, 16, "GRB")

strip.brightness(50)

PATTERN0 = (0,1,2,3,4,5,8,9,10,11,12,13)

PATTERN1 = (0,1,8,9)

PATTERN2 = (0,1,2,3,6,7,10,11,12,13)

PATTERN3 = (0,1,2,3,6,7,8,9,10,11)

PATTERN4 = (0,1,4,5,6,7,8,9)

PATTERN5 = (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11)

PATTERN6 = (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13)

PATTERN7 = (0,1,2,3,4,5,8,9)

PATTERN8 = (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13)

PATTERN9 = (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)

seg8 = (PATTERN0, PATTERN1, PATTERN2, PATTERN3, PATTERN4, PATTERN5, PATTERN6, PATTERN7, PATTERN8, PATTERN9)

pattern_led_init = []

for i in range(0, numpix):

pattern_led_init.append(False)

pattern_led = []

def time_pattern(hour, minute):

disp_time = f'{hour:02}' + f'{minute:02}'

pattern_led = pattern_led_init.copy()

for pos in range(0,4):

pos_num = int(disp_time[pos])

position=3 - pos

disp_num = seg8[pos_num]

for num in disp_num:

num = num + position * 14

pattern_led[num] = True

return(pattern_led)

pix_color=[]

delta = 65536/numpix

for pix_index in range(0, numpix):

pix_color.append(strip.colorHSV(int(delta * pix_index), 255, 255))

while True:

if (6 < utime.localtime()[3] < 21):

strip.brightness(80)

else:

strip.brightness(20)

hour = utime.localtime()[3]

minute = utime.localtime()[4]

pattern_led=time_pattern(hour, minute)

for pix_index in range(0, numpix):

if pattern_led[pix_index] == True:

strip.set_pixel(pix_index,pix_color[pix_index])

else:

strip.set_pixel(pix_index,(0,0,0))

strip.show()

move_last=pix_color[0]

del(pix_color[0])

pix_color.append(move_last)

utime.sleep(0.05)

while(5 < utime.localtime()[5] < 45): # wait every 5 ~ 45sec

if (check_ntp == True) and (minute == 0):

ntptime_jp.settime() # access ntp server

check_ntp = False

if (check_ntp == False) and (minute >= 1):

check_ntp = True

MicroPythonでラズパイPico Wと1.69インチTFT DisplayモジュールのNTP時計を作成

MicroPythonの使い心地を知るためにRaspberry Pi Pico Wに安価な1.69インチのTFTディスプレイを接続してNTPで更新した内蔵RTC(リアルタイムクロック)の時刻を表示するプログラムを作りました。

Raspberry Pi Pico W (詳細情報はスイッチサイエンスの商品ページから辿ってください)

1.69インチのTFTディスプレイ (詳細情報はAliexpressの商品ページから辿ってください。400円程度で購入できるSPI通信の240×280画素のフルカラーディスプレイでインターフェースコントローラはst7789を使用していてします。)

配線
<TFTディスプレイ> ——– <Pico W>
GND ——– GND (18pin)
VCC ——– 3V3(OUT) (36pin)
SCL(SCLK) ——– SPI1SCK(19pin)
SDA(MOSI,SDI,DIN) ——– SPI1TX(20pin)
RES(Reset) ——– GP11(15pin)
DC(Data/Command) ——– GP12(16pin)
CS ——– SPI1CSn(17pin)
BLK(Backlight) ——– GP10(14pin)

st7789用ライブラリ
ST7789 Driver for MicroPythonとしてgithubに公開されています。Pico W用MicroPython Firmware （https://github.com/russhughes/st7789_mpy/tree/master/firmware/RP2W/firmware.uf2）をダウンロードして、Pico Wのブートボタンを押しながらPCのUSBポートに接続し、現れたUSBドライブにfirmware.uf2ファイルをドラッグ・ドロップします。

from machine import Pin, SPI
import st7789
import utime
import network
import ntptime_jp

SSID = 'yourSSID'
PASSWORD = 'YourPassword'

BACKLIGHT_PIN = 10
RESET_PIN = 11
DC_PIN = 12
CS_PIN = 13
CLK_PIN = 14
DIN_PIN = 15 # lower left corner

import romand as vector_font

spi = SPI(1, baudrate=31250000, sck=Pin(CLK_PIN), mosi=Pin(DIN_PIN))
tft = st7789.ST7789(spi, 240, 320,
    reset=Pin(RESET_PIN, Pin.OUT),
    cs=Pin(CS_PIN, Pin.OUT),
    dc=Pin(DC_PIN, Pin.OUT),
    backlight=Pin(BACKLIGHT_PIN, Pin.OUT),
    rotation=3)
tft.init()

sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
sta_if.active(True)
sta_if.connect(SSID, PASSWORD)
while not sta_if.isconnected():
    pass
ntptime_jp.settime()

str_md_c = ""
str_hm_c = ""
str_s_c = ""
while True:
    time_now = utime.localtime()
    #print(utime.localtime())
    str_md = "{:>2}".format(str(time_now[1])) + "." + "{:>2}".format(str(time_now[2])) + "." + "{:>4}".format(str(time_now[0]))
    str_hm = "{:>2}".format(str(time_now[3]))  + ":" + "{:0>2}".format(str(time_now[4]))
    str_s = "{:0>2}".format(str(time_now[5]))
    if str_md != str_md_c :
        tft.draw(vector_font, str_md_c,50, 30, st7789.color565(0,0,0), 1.4)
        tft.draw(vector_font, str_md,50, 30, st7789.color565(255,255,255), 1.4)
        str_md_c = str_md
    if str_hm != str_hm_c :
        tft.draw(vector_font, str_hm_c,30, 130, st7789.color565(0,0,0), 2.8)
        tft.draw(vector_font, str_hm,30, 130, st7789.color565(255,255,255), 2.8)
        str_hm_c = str_hm
    if str_s != str_s_c :
        tft.draw(vector_font, str_s_c,200, 210, st7789.color565(0,0,0), 2.0)
        tft.draw(vector_font, str_s,200, 210, st7789.color565(255,0,255), 2.0)
        str_s_c = str_s

from machine import Pin, SPI

import st7789

import utime

import network

import ntptime_jp

SSID = 'yourSSID'

PASSWORD = 'YourPassword'

BACKLIGHT_PIN = 10

RESET_PIN = 11

DC_PIN = 12

CS_PIN = 13

CLK_PIN = 14

DIN_PIN = 15 # lower left corner

import romand as vector_font

spi = SPI(1, baudrate=31250000, sck=Pin(CLK_PIN), mosi=Pin(DIN_PIN))

tft = st7789.ST7789(spi, 240, 320,

reset=Pin(RESET_PIN, Pin.OUT),

cs=Pin(CS_PIN, Pin.OUT),

dc=Pin(DC_PIN, Pin.OUT),

backlight=Pin(BACKLIGHT_PIN, Pin.OUT),

rotation=3)

tft.init()

sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)

sta_if.active(True)

sta_if.connect(SSID, PASSWORD)

while not sta_if.isconnected():

pass

ntptime_jp.settime()

str_md_c = ""

str_hm_c = ""

str_s_c = ""

while True:

time_now = utime.localtime()

#print(utime.localtime())

str_md = "{:>2}".format(str(time_now[1])) + "." + "{:>2}".format(str(time_now[2])) + "." + "{:>4}".format(str(time_now[0]))

str_hm = "{:>2}".format(str(time_now[3])) + ":" + "{:0>2}".format(str(time_now[4]))

str_s = "{:0>2}".format(str(time_now[5]))

if str_md != str_md_c :

tft.draw(vector_font, str_md_c,50, 30, st7789.color565(0,0,0), 1.4)

tft.draw(vector_font, str_md,50, 30, st7789.color565(255,255,255), 1.4)

str_md_c = str_md

if str_hm != str_hm_c :

tft.draw(vector_font, str_hm_c,30, 130, st7789.color565(0,0,0), 2.8)

tft.draw(vector_font, str_hm,30, 130, st7789.color565(255,255,255), 2.8)

str_hm_c = str_hm

if str_s != str_s_c :

tft.draw(vector_font, str_s_c,200, 210, st7789.color565(0,0,0), 2.0)

tft.draw(vector_font, str_s,200, 210, st7789.color565(255,0,255), 2.0)

str_s_c = str_s

NTP時刻を取得するライブラリは時差を補正することができなかったので、ライブラリ内でJAPAN_TIME = 9*60*60を補正してRTCに書き込むことにしました。ntptime_jp.pyという名前でpico Wに保存しました。（オリジナルはmicropython-lib/micropython/net/ntptime/ntptime.py です。）

import utime

try:
    import usocket as socket
except:
    import socket
try:
    import ustruct as struct
except:
    import struct

# The NTP host can be configured at runtime by doing: ntptime.host = 'myhost.org'
#host = "pool.ntp.org"
host = "ntp.nict.jp"
JAPAN_TIME = 9*60*60
# The NTP socket timeout can be configured at runtime by doing: ntptime.timeout = 2
#timeout = 1
timeout = 2

def time():
    NTP_QUERY = bytearray(48)
    NTP_QUERY[0] = 0x1B
    addr = socket.getaddrinfo(host, 123)[0][-1]
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
    try:
        s.settimeout(timeout)
        res = s.sendto(NTP_QUERY, addr)
        msg = s.recv(48)
    finally:
        s.close()
    val = struct.unpack("!I", msg[40:44])[0]

    EPOCH_YEAR = utime.gmtime(0)[0]
    if EPOCH_YEAR == 2000:
        # (date(2000, 1, 1) - date(1900, 1, 1)).days * 24*60*60
        NTP_DELTA = 3155673600
    elif EPOCH_YEAR == 1970:
        # (date(1970, 1, 1) - date(1900, 1, 1)).days * 24*60*60
        NTP_DELTA = 2208988800
    else:
        raise Exception("Unsupported epoch: {}".format(EPOCH_YEAR))

    return val - NTP_DELTA


# There's currently no timezone support in MicroPython, and the RTC is set in UTC time.
def settime():
    t = time()
    import machine
    tm = utime.gmtime(t + JAPAN_TIME)
    machine.RTC().datetime((tm[0], tm[1], tm[2], tm[6] + 1, tm[3], tm[4], tm[5], 0))

import utime

try:

import usocket as socket

except:

import socket

try:

import ustruct as struct

except:

import struct

# The NTP host can be configured at runtime by doing: ntptime.host = 'myhost.org'

#host = "pool.ntp.org"

host = "ntp.nict.jp"

JAPAN_TIME = 9*60*60

# The NTP socket timeout can be configured at runtime by doing: ntptime.timeout = 2

#timeout = 1

timeout = 2

def time():

NTP_QUERY = bytearray(48)

NTP_QUERY[0] = 0x1B

addr = socket.getaddrinfo(host, 123)[0][-1]

s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)

try:

s.settimeout(timeout)

res = s.sendto(NTP_QUERY, addr)

msg = s.recv(48)

finally:

s.close()

val = struct.unpack("!I", msg[40:44])[0]

EPOCH_YEAR = utime.gmtime(0)[0]

if EPOCH_YEAR == 2000:

# (date(2000, 1, 1) - date(1900, 1, 1)).days * 24*60*60

NTP_DELTA = 3155673600

elif EPOCH_YEAR == 1970:

# (date(1970, 1, 1) - date(1900, 1, 1)).days * 24*60*60

NTP_DELTA = 2208988800

else:

raise Exception("Unsupported epoch: {}".format(EPOCH_YEAR))

return val - NTP_DELTA

# There's currently no timezone support in MicroPython, and the RTC is set in UTC time.

def settime():

t = time()

import machine

tm = utime.gmtime(t + JAPAN_TIME)

machine.RTC().datetime((tm[0], tm[1], tm[2], tm[6] + 1, tm[3], tm[4], tm[5], 0))

フォントはst7789_mpy/fonts/vector/romand.pyをPico Wに保存して使いました。